Nigerians Seeking Repatriation from South Africa Amid Xenophobic Attacks Must Cover Their Own Costs, Says FG

The Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs has clarified that Nigerians wishing to return home from South Africa due to recent xenophobic attacks will be responsible for their own repatriation expenses. This announcement, made by ministry spokesperson Kimiebi Ebienfa during a press conference on Monday, has sparked widespread discussion about government responsibility, diaspora safety, and the recurring nature of xenophobic violence in South Africa.

Understanding the Government’s Position

The Federal Government’s stance is rooted in existing policies and logistical realities. Historically, large-scale government-funded evacuations are reserved for extraordinary circumstances, such as the 2020 COVID-19 repatriation or conflict zones like Sudan and Ukraine. In this case, the government views the situation as one where individuals made a voluntary choice to reside in South Africa, and thus, the cost of returning is a personal responsibility.

However, this position has drawn criticism from human rights advocates and diaspora organizations. They argue that the government has a duty of care to protect its citizens abroad, especially when they face targeted violence. The Nigerian Diaspora Commission (NiDCOM) has previously facilitated voluntary evacuations, but funding remains a contentious issue.

Practical Implications for Nigerians in South Africa

For the estimated 800,000 Nigerians living in South Africa, this announcement means that anyone wishing to leave must arrange and pay for their own flights, documentation, and logistics. The cost of a one-way ticket from Johannesburg to Lagos can range from $400 to $800, depending on the airline and booking time. For many, this is a significant financial burden, especially if their businesses or jobs have been disrupted by the attacks.

Practical steps for those considering repatriation include:

• Contacting the Nigerian Embassy in Pretoria or Consulate in Johannesburg for guidance on documentation and safe departure procedures.
• Verifying travel documents such as passports and visas to ensure they are valid for re-entry into Nigeria.
• Exploring group travel discounts or community-organized charter flights to reduce costs.
• Seeking assistance from diaspora organizations like the Nigerian Union South Africa (NUSA) for support and information.

Historical Context of Xenophobic Attacks in South Africa

Xenophobic violence in South Africa is not a new phenomenon. Since the end of apartheid, the country has experienced periodic outbreaks of violence against foreign nationals, particularly those from other African countries. Major incidents occurred in 2008, 2015, 2019, and now in 2026. The attacks are often fueled by economic frustrations, high unemployment rates (currently around 32%), and perceptions that foreigners are taking jobs and resources from South Africans.

Nigerians, along with Zimbabweans, Somalis, and Ethiopians, are frequently targeted. The Nigerian government has repeatedly condemned these attacks and called for stronger protection of its citizens. In 2019, Nigeria recalled its ambassador and partially closed its embassy in protest, but long-term solutions remain elusive.

What the Nigerian Government Is Doing

While the government is not funding repatriation, it has taken other steps to address the crisis:

• Diplomatic engagement: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has summoned the South African High Commissioner to Nigeria to express concern and demand action.
• Consular assistance: The Nigerian mission in South Africa is providing emergency consular services, including replacement of lost documents and legal referrals.
• Monitoring and reporting: The government is tracking incidents and compiling data to present to South African authorities and international bodies.

Broader Implications for African Unity and Migration

This situation highlights the challenges of intra-African migration and the need for stronger regional frameworks to protect citizens. The African Union’s (AU) Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, which aims to facilitate visa-free travel and residency across the continent, has been slow to implement. Only a handful of countries have ratified it. Without robust protections, migrants remain vulnerable to xenophobia and exploitation.

For Nigeria, this incident also raises questions about economic opportunities at home. Many Nigerians migrate to South Africa for better jobs, education, and business prospects. The government’s reluctance to fund repatriation may reflect a broader policy of encouraging citizens to stay and contribute to Nigeria’s development, but it also underscores the need for domestic economic reforms to reduce the push factors for migration.

What Nigerians Should Do Now

For those currently in South Africa or considering travel there, the following recommendations are crucial:

• Stay informed: Monitor official channels from the Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the embassy for updates on safety and travel advisories.
• Register with the embassy: The Nigerian mission encourages all citizens to register their presence through the online portal or in person, which facilitates emergency communication.
• Build a support network: Connect with local Nigerian community groups for mutual aid and information sharing.
• Have an emergency plan: Keep copies of important documents, have a packed bag ready, and know the location of safe havens such as the embassy or police stations.

Conclusion

The Federal Government’s decision to require Nigerians to bear the cost of their own repatriation from South Africa is a pragmatic but controversial policy. While it aligns with standard practice for voluntary returns, it places a heavy burden on individuals already traumatized by violence. The incident serves as a stark reminder of the persistent challenges of xenophobia in South Africa and the need for stronger bilateral and continental mechanisms to protect migrants. For now, Nigerians in South Africa must weigh their options carefully, balancing safety concerns with financial realities, while the government continues its diplomatic efforts to address the root causes of the attacks.

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