Press Freedom Under Siege: IPC Calls for Renewed Commitment, Launches New Report on Non-State Threats

By Nasiru Yusuf Ibrahim

The International Press Centre (IPC) has issued a powerful call for renewed commitment to strengthening press freedom in Nigeria, as it joined the global community to mark World Press Freedom Day 2026. The appeal comes at a critical juncture when journalists across the country face escalating dangers, from physical attacks to legal harassment, threatening the very foundation of democratic discourse.

World Press Freedom Day 2026: A Theme of Peace and Accountability

KANO FOCUS reports that the appeal was made in a statement issued on Saturday by IPC’s Press Freedom Officer, Melody Akinjiyan, to commemorate the annual event. This year’s theme, “Shaping a Future at Peace,” underscores the indispensable role of a free, independent, and responsible media in promoting peace, democratic governance, and social cohesion—especially in a nation as diverse and complex as Nigeria.

World Press Freedom Day, proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 1993, is observed every May 3 to remind governments of their obligation to uphold press freedom and ensure a safe environment for journalists. The day serves as a global checkpoint: Are journalists free to report without fear? Are citizens able to access diverse, reliable information? For Nigeria, the answers remain troubling.

Alarming Statistics: 23 Attacks on Journalists in 2025

The IPC disclosed that in 2025, it documented at least 23 cases of attacks involving 28 journalists and two media organisations across Nigeria. The incidents ranged from threats to life, abduction, unlawful arrest, harassment, and physical assault to, in some cases, murder. These numbers represent not just statistics but real human suffering and a chilling effect on investigative reporting.

A breakdown of the data showed that 23 of the affected journalists were male, three female, while two cases did not specify gender. By media platform, online journalists recorded the highest number of attacks with 16 cases, followed by broadcast media with 10, and print with one. This disparity highlights the growing vulnerability of digital-first reporters, who often operate with fewer institutional protections than their counterparts in legacy media.

Why Online Journalists Are Most at Risk

Online journalists frequently work as freelancers or for small digital outlets without robust legal or security support. They cover sensitive topics—corruption, human rights abuses, electoral fraud—often from conflict zones or remote areas. Their work is instantly accessible, making them easy targets for reprisals. The IPC data underscores an urgent need for targeted safety training and digital security tools for this cohort.

IPC Executive Director: Media as a Pillar of Truth

Speaking on the significance of the theme, IPC Executive Director Lanre Arogundade said the media remains a vital pillar of truth and accountability, particularly in a world grappling with conflict, misinformation, and political instability.

“At a time when the world faces growing threats to civic space, journalism plays a key role in amplifying marginalised voices, countering disinformation, and enabling informed public discourse,” he said.

Arogundade, however, expressed concern over increasing risks faced by journalists, including harassment, unlawful detention, and violent attacks, noting that such threats undermine both press freedom and citizens’ access to credible information. He called on governments, security agencies, and other stakeholders to prioritise the safety of journalists and ensure accountability for crimes against media professionals.

The Unseen Enablers: A New Report on Non-State Threats

As part of activities marking the day, the organisation announced the launch of a new publication titled “The Unseen Enablers,” produced with support from the International Freedom of Expression Exchange. The report examines the role of non-state actors—such as political thugs, organised crime groups, corporate interests, and even online mobs—in undermining press freedom and the safety of journalists in Nigeria.

These “unseen enablers” often operate in the shadows, funding or orchestrating attacks without direct government involvement. They impede access to information and the dissemination of news by intimidating reporters, destroying equipment, or spreading disinformation to discredit media outlets. The report aims to foster greater awareness and encourage collaborative efforts to address these challenges.

Ethical Journalism as a Counterweight

The IPC also stressed the need for ethical journalism and responsible reporting, particularly in conflict-sensitive situations. It urged media practitioners to uphold professionalism, accuracy, and fairness while tackling misinformation and hate speech. In an era of “fake news” and deepfakes, the credibility of journalism itself is under attack. By adhering to rigorous standards, journalists can rebuild public trust and serve as a bulwark against chaos.

Practical Steps for Journalists and Media Houses

• Safety Protocols: Media organisations should develop and rehearse emergency response plans for attacks, abduction, or legal threats.
• Digital Hygiene: Use encrypted communication tools, two-factor authentication, and secure backups to protect sources and data.
• Legal Support Networks: Establish partnerships with pro-bono lawyers and press freedom organisations for rapid response.
• Mental Health Resources: Provide counselling for journalists exposed to trauma, violence, or harassment.

A Call for Collective Action

The IPC urged governments, civil society groups, media owners, and the international community to work together to build a media landscape that supports peace, justice, and inclusive development. This includes:

• Legislative Reforms: Enact and enforce laws that decriminalise defamation and protect whistleblowers.
• Security Sector Accountability: Prosecute security personnel who harass or assault journalists.
• Media Literacy Campaigns: Educate the public to recognise and reject disinformation.
• International Solidarity: Global press freedom bodies should continue to monitor and report on Nigeria’s situation, applying diplomatic pressure where needed.

“A peaceful future is only possible where the press is free, voices are heard, and truth prevails,” the statement added.

As Nigeria navigates its democratic journey, the safety of journalists is not a luxury—it is a necessity. The IPC’s report and call to action serve as both a warning and a roadmap. The question remains: Will stakeholders heed the call before the next journalist is silenced?

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